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  "name": "The Algorithmic Shield and the Autonomous Sword: Legal, Ethical, and Strategic Distinctions in Automated Force",
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  "description": "A legal and ethical taxonomy of automated defense, semi-autonomous and fully autonomous weapons, cyber systems, accountability, international humanitarian law, and meaningful human control.",
  "datePublished": "2026-09-04",
  "dateModified": "2026-09-04",
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    "meaningful human control",
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    "accountability"
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    "https://usanasfoundation.com/regulating-lethal-autonomous-weapons-systems-laws-in-a-fractured-multipolar-order",
    "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13600826.2023.2233004",
    "https://www.ajol.info/index.php/naujilj/article/view/333718/313516",
    "https://monograph.us.edu.pl/index.php/wydawnictwo/catalog/download/88/153/107",
    "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/leiden-journal-of-international-law/article/state-responsibility-in-relation-to-military-applications-of-artificial-intelligence/1B0454611EA1F11A8B03A5D2D052C2BE",
    "https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cyber-operations-and-international-law/attribution/356FA3269933478A47C68056766857EC",
    "https://www.lesswrong.com/s/fYxyZkbxSboLbnJnm/p/4sEK5mtDYWJo2gHJn",
    "https://welcomehomejustice.com/the-backyard-alarm-trap-defense-of-property/",
    "https://illinoispublicsafetytraining.com/",
    "https://insight.dickinsonlaw.psu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1233\\&context=dlr",
    "https://insight.dickinsonlaw.psu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1233&context=dlr",
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department\\_of\\_Defense\\_Directive\\_3000.09",
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Defense_Directive_3000.09",
    "https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/united-states-use-of-autonomous-weapons",
    "https://warontherocks.com/autonomous-weapon-systems-no-human-in-the-loop-required-and-other-myths-dispelled/",
    "https://ace-usa.org/blog/research/research-technology/when-machines-make-battlefield-decisions-understanding-u-s-policy-on-autonomous-weapons/",
    "https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/files/insight/SIPRIInsight1501.pdf",
    "https://military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Israel\\_Defense\\_Forces",
    "https://military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces",
    "https://www.scribd.com/document/726880402/Cyberwar-26-Feb-2024-Saalbach",
    "https://osnadocs.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/bitstream/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-201907091696/1/Saalbach\\_Cyberwar\\_07\\_Jul\\_2019.pdf",
    "https://osnadocs.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/bitstream/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-201907091696/1/Saalbach_Cyberwar_07_Jul_2019.pdf",
    "https://cebri.org/revista/en/artigo/114/exploring-the-2023-us-directive-on-autonomy-in-weapon-systems",
    "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346774316\\_Cyber\\_Autonomy\\_Automating\\_the\\_Hacker-\\_Self-healing\\_self-adaptive\\_automatic\\_cyber\\_defense\\_systems\\_and\\_their\\_impact\\_to\\_the\\_industry\\_society\\_and\\_national\\_security",
    "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346774316_Cyber_Autonomy_Automating_the_Hacker-_Self-healing_self-adaptive_automatic_cyber_defense_systems_and_their_impact_to_the_industry_society_and_national_security",
    "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/392161268\\_Beyond\\_Silos\\_-Unifying\\_Military\\_and\\_Civilian\\_Cyber\\_Threat\\_Intelligence\\_for\\_National\\_Security\\_Subtitle\\_as\\_needed\\_paper\\_subtitle",
    "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/392161268_Beyond_Silos_-Unifying_Military_and_Civilian_Cyber_Threat_Intelligence_for_National_Security_Subtitle_as_needed_paper_subtitle",
    "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/400620276\\_Beyond\\_Silos\\_-\\_Unifying\\_Military\\_and\\_Civilian\\_Cyber\\_Threat\\_Intelligence\\_for\\_National\\_Security",
    "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/400620276_Beyond_Silos_-_Unifying_Military_and_Civilian_Cyber_Threat_Intelligence_for_National_Security",
    "https://grokipedia.com/page/monstermind",
    "https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2025-01/features/geopolitics-and-regulation-autonomous-weapons-systems",
    "https://cjil.uchicago.edu/print-archive/because-we-take-our-values-war-analyzing-views-un-member-states-ai-driven-lethal",
    "https://www.ceaclaw.org/post/legal-review-of-weapons-the-case-of-lethal-autonomous-weapon-systems",
    "https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol94/iss1/8/",
    "https://leupoldlegal.com/weapon-review-article-36-ap-i/",
    "https://academic.oup.com/jcsl/article/28/2/285/6833182",
    "https://law.uq.edu.au/files/98698/Copeland\\_Liivoja\\_Sanders\\_Utility\\_of\\_Weapons\\_Reviews.pdf",
    "https://law.uq.edu.au/files/98698/Copeland_Liivoja_Sanders_Utility_of_Weapons_Reviews.pdf",
    "https://lieber.westpoint.edu/same-different-legal-review-autonomous-weapons-systems/",
    "https://humanrightsclinic.law.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Review-of-the-2023-US-Policy-on-Autonomy-in-Weapons-Systems.pdf"
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